Improving the Accuracy of Aberration Retrieval Inverse Analysis from Spot Images Accounting for Lens Orientation

In this study, we propose a microscope-free setup that magnifies the spot image using an inverted arrangement of the object side and image side, thereby reducing misalignment errors of optical elements. The effectiveness of the setup is validated through numerical simulations and experiments. Results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively retrieve lens aberrations from spot images without the need for a micro-scope, achieving an average deviation of 1.9 mλ from the theoretical value for a 4 mm ball lens.