A multicentric trial demonstrates the effect of aminophylline on preventing acute kidney injury in neonates, suggesting a potential new treatment approach.
Neonatal acute kidney injury (nAKI) poses a significant mortality risk, particularly in lower-income countries where treatment options are limited and expertise in neonatal dialysis is scarce. Aminophylline, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist, may attenuate AKI by promoting renal blood flow and natriuresis. Although aminophylline has shown benefit in select neonatal subgroups like asphyxia, its efficacy in other critically ill term neonates at high risk for AKI remains unexplored.
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Govindan et al. (2026) studied this question.
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