Association between dietary advanced glycation end products and sarcopenia: Data from NHANES 2011-2018

To investigate the association between dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) and sarcopenia in United States adults. A total of 7590 participants aged 20 to 59 years were included in this study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. Dietary AGEs intake was assessed by UPLC-MS/MS based AGEs database combined with 24-h dietary recall. Sarcopenia was assessed by appendicular lean body mass index (ALMI). Linear regression was used to examine the association between dAGEs and ALMI. Logistic regression was adopted to examine the association between total and food-derived AGEs with the prevalence of sarcopenia. The mediating role of bone mineral density (BMD) and serum 25 (OH) D 3 on the association between dAGEs and ALMI were also explored. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 7.26 %. Compared to the low intake tertile (T1), the OR for sarcopenia among participants in the high tertile (T3) of dAGEs, CEL and MG-H1 intake were 1.66 (95% CI: 1.05, 2.64; P trend=0.031), 1.56 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.40; P trend=0.042), 1.60 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.48; P trend=0.033), respectively. Meat and baked foods derived AGEs showed significant associations with the prevalence of sarcopenia. Mediation analysis demonstrated that 14.75% and 12.95% of the association between dAGEs and ALMI was mediated by the BMD and serum 25 (OH) D 3 , respectively. In the US adult population, dietary AGEs were positively associated with sarcopenia, particularly in meat and baked foods, with BMD and serum 25 (OH) D 3 partially mediating this association.