Comparative evaluation reveals accuracy of imaging techniques for detecting right-to-left shunt in embolic stroke patients, indicating optimal detection methods.
Identifying a right-to-left shunt (RLS), commonly due to a patent foramen ovale (PFO), is essential in evaluating embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). While several imaging modalities are used for PFO detection, direct comparisons in a single cohort are limited. This study evaluates and compares the diagnostic performance of 4 major modalities: transcranial Doppler (TCD), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), and cardiac CT in patients with ESUS.
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Ravi et al. (2026) studied this question.
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