The integration of digital technologies in education has increased access to flexible and inclusive learning resources. Open Educational Resources (OER) allow teachers and students to freely access, adapt, and share educational materials without legal or financial barriers. These resources support innovative, learner-centred teaching and encourage collaboration in digital and blended learning environments. OER also help reduce educational inequalities by providing free learning materials, particularly benefiting students from rural and disadvantaged backgrounds. However, their effective implementation faces challenges such as limited awareness among educators, technological and language barriers, quality assurance concerns, and insufficient institutional support. Strengthening educational policies, teacher training, and institutional frameworks can improve the adoption and effective use of OER.The paper concludes that the further growth of such resources with the aid of technology and collaborative educational actions can reshape the teaching and learning process as education can become more accessible, flexible, and equitable.
Kar et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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