A literature review evaluates the biological behavior of bone-grafting biomaterials in implant dentistry, suggesting improvements in predictability and outcomes.
Objectives: To evaluate biological properties, clinical applications, and emerging innovations in bone-grafting biomaterials used in implant dentistry. Methods: A structured literature review was conducted on autografts, allografts, xenografts, and alloplasts, including studies on nanomaterials, growth factors, and scaffold technologies. Results: Autografts showed superior regenerative potential but were limited by donor site morbidity. Allografts and xenografts demonstrated favorable biocompatibility, while alloplasts provided predictable synthetic alternatives. Innovations such as platelet-rich fibrin and nanostructured biomaterials enhanced vascularization and osseointegration. Conclusions: Bone grafting biomaterials are essential for achieving implant stability and bone volume restoration. Technological advances continue to improve predictability and clinical success.
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Thukral et al. (2026) studied this question.
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