Quantitative evaluation of extraocular muscles dimensions, orbital fat, and eyelid position in anophthalmic sockets following evisceration and primary orbital implant

Structural changes and redistribution of EORM and OF in AS contribute to characteristic alterations in orbital contour and eyelid position, influencing both aesthetic and functional outcomes. Some modifications appear to precede surgery, reflecting the underlying pathology of blind eyes. Although reconstruction with implants and a customized external prosthesis improves overall symmetry, residual differences may persist. Longer longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify these mechanisms and optimize rehabilitation strategies to improve long-term outcomes.