Applications of Titrimetry to Systems Involving Job’s Method and Conductance in Mixed Solvents

Titrimetry is most often utilized in laboratory courses in general and analytical courses in experiments that involve volumetric analysis in aqueous solutions. However, this versatile technique can be applied in numerous other ways, including Job’s method of continuous variations. In this report, we describe such applications of Job’s method, which is based on the fact that the maximum change in a measured property of a reaction mixture occurs when the reactants are mixed in the stoichiometric ratio in which they react. This technique is illustrated utilizing temperature changes during neutralization reactions. In this report, additional applications of titrimetry are described in which neutralization reactions are followed by conductance measurements both in aqueous solutions and in cases where the solvent consists of a mixture of water and 2- propanol. The experiments described provide alternatives to those frequently carried out in laboratory courses, and except for routine glassware, they were performed with equipment purchased with a total cost of less than $100 from internet sources.