Perioperative and Renal Outcomes After Nephrectomy in Patients Receiving Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: A Pilot Study

INTRODUCTION: Patients with elevated BMI undergoing nephrectomy are at increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and perioperative complications. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may confer renal-protective and anti-inflammatory effects while reducing perinephric adiposity. Thus, we aimed to determine whether GLP-1RA use is associated with fewer perioperative complications following nephrectomy. METHODS: undergoing nephrectomy for renal neoplasms were included. Patients receiving GLP-1RA therapy within 180 days of surgery were 1:1 propensity matched by demographics (age, sex, race), comorbidities (body mass index, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, tobacco use), and metformin/sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor use. Outcomes included 30-day and 90-day adverse events overall and stratified by partial and radical nephrectomy. RESULTS: = .0014) nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative GLP-1RA use appeared to reduce rates of AKI, MAKE, and 30/90-day readmission among patients undergoing nephrectomy. These findings suggest GLP-1RAs may mitigate postoperative risk without increasing gastrointestinal, respiratory, or systemic morbidity.