Ecological Aspects of the Evolution of Caddsflies of the Family Philopotamidae (Insecta, Trichoptera) and a New Species of the Genus Archiphilopotamus from the Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan

The caddisfly Archiphilopotamus sagulicus Sukatsheva, sp. nov. (Philopotamidae) is described from the Lower Jurassic of Kyrgyzstan [locality Shurab III (Sai-Sagul)]. The list of fossil Philopotamidae is provided, and ecology and taphonomy of fossil Philopotamidae is analyzed. Dominance of three extinct genera is revealed over the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of various genesis, and a high prevalence of two extant genera is found through all the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic faunas. This pattern supports the hypothesis of high oxyphily of preimaginal phylopotamids through all their traceable history in spite of their limnic rather than lotic habits before mid-Cretaceous. This might occur because of a regime of high oxygenation existed in the Mesozoic lakes before the mid-Cretaceous, a special and extinct lake type that differed from the later lakes in being, according to competing hypotheses, either hypotrophic, or abundant in floating plant-and-bacterial mats.