Topological model as a tool for analyzing the processes of diversification of defense industry enterprises (the example of “Rosatom” State Corporation)

The topological model presented in this article is a tool for the economic and mathematical analysis of diversification processes in enterprises of the military-industrial complex carried out by “Rosatom” State Corporation. Based on an analytical review of scientific literature, the most pressing issues of diversification of defense industry enterprises were identified. The lack of a theoretical and normative-methodological framework for studying transformation processes is noted. Critical analysis of the methodology governing the activities of defense enterprises revealed shortcomings such as a standardized approach to diversification, a predominance of quantitative indicators, and the absence of adequate indicators to reflect economic feasibility. The existing problems can be eliminated mainly by using the topological model described in the article. Its development was based on conditional data that was structurally close to real information on a representative sample of enterprises, including scientific, scientific-production, and production organizations. Based on this model, seven categories of enterprises were identified, characterized by similar patterns in the transformation processes under consideration. Within the model framework, the joint changes in performance indicators and the levels of diversification of these groups of enterprises were investigated, and their dynamic stability was analyzed by comparing the identified patterns for two time periods (2018–2020 and 2021–2023). This work demonstrates graphs showing the topological areas obtained for the identified categories of companies. Numerical boundaries for these topological objects are also provided. The results obtained substantiate the conclusion that a differentiated approach to the problems of transforming the industry in question is necessary and can also be recommended for improving methodological provisions governing the planning processes of diversification at “Rosatom” State Corporation enterprises.