The rediscovery of an Amazonian species of Garcinia (Clusiaceae) after 130 years reveals underestimated diversity in the genus

Summary This study presents the rediscovery of Garcinia annulata , a new name proposed here for Rheedia rostrata . The species was described based on the collection of the naturalist Richard Spruce in the Brazilian Amazon during the 19 th century. During an excursion in the municipality of Iranduba, Amazonas (Brazil), a specimen fitting the typical morphological pattern of G. annulata was found. Upon analysis, the main diagnostic characteristic detected in this species is the annular nectary disk fused to the fruit, which had not been considered relevant for Neotropical species of Garcinia . Here, we present a morphological description, illustrative plates and discussions of the putatively related species G. madruno (Kunth) Hammel, G. ieda-amaralae Mouzinho & M.L.Soares and G. guttifolia Mouzinho & L.Marinho.