Hybrid Systems of Exosomes and Synthetic Nanocarriers in Breast Cancer Therapy: Bridging Natural and Synthetic Approaches

Breast cancer therapy faces persistent challenges such as drug resistance, systemic toxicity, and limited targeting efficiency. Exosomes, with their intrinsic biocompatibility and ability to deliver biomolecules across biological barriers, offer unique advantages but are constrained by low yield and scalability issues. Synthetic nanocarriers, though versatile, often suffer from stability and safety limitations. This review aims to explore the integration of exosomes with synthetic nanocarriers to create hybrid delivery systems that combine natural targeting potential with enhanced drug loading, stability, and controlled release. The objective is to critically assess recent strategies for hybridization, functionalization, and therapeutic applications, while outlining key translational challenges and future prospects. Such hybrid systems hold promise as nextgeneration platforms for precise and effective breast cancer therapy.