Observational evidence finds minimal glycaemic improvements in obesity and type 1 diabetes after metabolic surgery, indicating safety concerns.
MBS achieves weight loss and reduces insulin requirements in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus and obesity, but glycaemic improvements are minimal. Given the observational evidence base and inconsistent safety reporting, true metabolic risk remains uncertain. High-quality prospective studies with standardised outcome definitions are needed.
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Mitchell et al. (2026) studied this question.
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