Towards the Genotyping of Fungi: Methods, Benefits and Challenges (Review )

The accessibility of comprehensive fungal genomes is fast increasing, providing a thorough and precise perspective on this "kingdom." A significant scientific achievement has been attained with the open access to over 1000 fungal genomes from various species, accompanied by the launch of new and engaging projects. The “1000 Fungal Genomes Project” constitutes one of the most enormous sequencing initiatives centered on fungal organisms, aiming to tackle deficiencies in fungal genomics. Currently, 329 fungal families possess at least one sequenced representative genome; nonetheless, other fungal families remain without any sequenced genomes. Furthermore, supplementary sequencing research contributed to the comprehension of genetic diversity among certain fungal species. The existence of many genomes per species aids in taxonomic classification, affords new views on fungal evolution in quick timeframes, clarifies regional distribution and dispersal patterns, and elucidates outbreaks and transmission routes, among other objectives. Genotyping strategies analyse solely a limited phase of an individual's genome and alternatively facilitate the rapid and not pricey contrast of numerous isolates. The incorporation of comprehensive genomic approaches and enhanced genotyping panels focused on specific and pertinent SNPs and/or repetitive areas can serve as efficient and pragmatic methods for investigating the local, regional, and global epidemiology of fungus.