This multicomponent formulation helps overcome the male-only attraction of conventional lures and showed stable field performance across early-season, peak-season and late-season periods. These results support the development of more effective monitoring and integrated management strategies for Z. cucurbitae. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Li et al. (Sun,) studied this question.