Study Amniotic Fluid Disorders in pregnant mothers with COVID-19 in Ardabil, Iran

Background: Pregnant individuals are considered a high-risk group for COVID-19, which has been linked to an elevated likelihood of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Nonetheless, the specific effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on amniotic fluid volume is not fully understood. This study aimed to determine the incidence of amniotic fluid disorders (AFD) in pregnant women with COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 207 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 at Alavi Hospital in Ardabil, Iran. Data were collected through patient interviews, physical assessments, medical records, and laboratory findings using a standardized checklist. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS software (version 25), considering a p-value below 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of participants was 28.3±6.5 years. Among the cohort, 19 women (9.2%) with COVID-19 were diagnosed with an amniotic fluid disorder, with all cases identified as oligohydramnios. The occurrence of oligohydramnios showed significant associations with several factors: the trimester of COVID-19 infection (P=0.007), presence of dyspnea (P=0.004), extent of pulmonary involvement on imaging (P=0.027), overall disease severity (P=0.001), requirement for specific hospitalization wards (e.g., ICU) (P=0.001), delivery via cesarean section (P=0.021), and preterm birth (P=0.001). Conclusion: The findings indicate a significantly higher incidence of oligohydramnios in women infected with COVID-19 during the third trimester, particularly among those exhibiting dyspnea and pulmonary involvement. Furthermore, oligohydramnios was significantly correlated with increased rates of cesarean delivery and preterm birth.