Shape memory alloys (SMAs), characterized by their superelasticity and self-centering capabilities, offer significant potential for applications in earthquake resistant structures. Accurate modeling of the hysteretic behavior of SMA materials is crucial for evaluating the seismic performance of self-centering structures installed with SMAs. However, currently in most numerical simulations conducted using OpenSees, the influences of cyclic damage to SMAs, including strength degradation, stiffness deterioration, and residual deformation accumulation, are commonly ignored, which is likely to cause significant discrepancies between the real structural performance and simulation results. In this study, an Improved SelfCentering Material (ISCM) model that incorporates the effects of cyclic damage to SMAs is developed and implemented in OpenSees through secondary development. The accuracy of the ISCM model is validated through numerical simulations of SMA specimens under three representative experiments, as well as three types of self-centering structural members installed with SMAs. The simulation results demonstrate that the ISCM model can accurately capture the hysteretic damage characteristics of SMAs under various loading conditions. It can be used to predict the seismic performance of the self-centering structural members installed with SMAs with better accuracy than by using the traditional SelfCentering (SC) model.
Mao et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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