A Systematic Literature Review of Inclusive Practices in Japan: A PRISMA Approach

This systematic literature review examines the inclusive education practices implemented in Japan and explores their relevance and potential adaptation to the Philippine educational context. A total of eleven studies published between 2015 and 2025, sourced from databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and ERIC, were analyzed following PRISMA guidelines. The review identified five core practices: differentiated instruction, collaborative teaching, co-teaching, reasonable accommodation, and interdisciplinary collabora-tion. The findings demonstrate that Japan’s inclusive education model promotes active participation and ensures that students with disabilities have equitable access to the general curriculum. In the Philippine context, adopting these practices could significantly improve the inclusivity of education, by addressing challenges such as limited teacher training, overcrowded classrooms, and insufficient resources. The study concludes by recommending key strategies for overcoming these barriers, including targeted teacher development, resource allocation, and fostering family and community involvement.