Douglas S. Massey, Joaquin Arango, Graeme Hugo, Ali Kouaouci, Adela Pellegrino, J. Edward Taylor, Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal, Population and Development Review, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Sep., 1993), pp. 431-466
Massey et al. (1993) studied this question.
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