The Comparative insights into traditional language therapy and gestalt language processing in autism: a scoping review

Background: Language and communication difficulties are common in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Traditionally, behavioral and analytic therapies have been used to address these challenges. Gestalt Language Processing (GLP) proposes that some children with ASD acquire language through memorized multiword units (gestalts) that later develop into meaningful sentences. However, empirical evidence for GLP-based interventions remains limited. Objective: To identify and compare the existing literature on Gestalt Language Processing and traditional language therapy interventions for supporting language development in children with ASD. Methods: The study followed a scoping review framework based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Two systematic searches were conducted for existing literature. Four databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect. The search included English-language studies published between 2020 and 2024. The first search focused on Gestalt Language Processing literature. The second search examined traditional language therapy interventions. Results: The search yielded 4,074 GLP records and 4,253 on traditional language therapy. No empirical GLP intervention studies were identified; the literature was mainly theoretical. In contrast, eight empirical studies on traditional language therapy reported improvements in expressive and receptive language, lexical development and functional communication following structure interventions such as Applied Behavior Analysis, Discrete Trial Training, and TEACCH-based programs. Conclusion: Traditional language therapy is supported by empirical evidence demonstrating improvements in language outcomes in children with ASD, whereas GLP remains largely theoretical. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of GLP-based interventions