Analysis of parallax differences in radio stars and masers reveals a systematic shift in Gaia data, suggesting stability in the coordinate system.
The most complete sample of radio stars and masers with trigonometric parallaxes measured by the VLBI method, common with the Gaia EDR3 and Gaia DR3 catalogs, has been compiled using literature data. The sample contains 151 stars. An analysis of the differences in parallaxes and proper motions of Gaia–VLBI stars has been performed. A new estimate of the systematic shift of the Gaia parallax zero point relative to the inertial coordinate system has been obtained: Δπ=-0.038± 0.011 mas. The obtained estimates of the relative rotation rates confirm the absence of a significant rotation of the Gaia DR3 system relative to the extragalactic coordinate system, which in this case is represented by VLBI measurements.
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V. V. Bobylev (2025) studied this question.
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