Methodological Examination of Schwartz's Value Research : Focusing on the Translation of Schwartz's Question Items into Japanese

s value research currently is attracting attention from many scholars around the world primarily in the fields of psychology, social psychology, and sociology, and more broadly in the areas of cross-cultural research, theories of personality, and developmental psychology and sociology.The content of these scholars' work is focused on Schwartz's depiction of human values using the circular continuum configuration model.Schwartz's model is a structural model that shows the mutual relationships between the ten motivationally distinct types of basic human values: power, achievement, hedonism, stimulation, self-direction, universalism, benevolence, tradition, conformity, and security.In this circular continuum, the values that are positioned in adjacent regions(the fan-shaped or wedge-shaped regions)have similar meaning.The values positioned in the regions on the opposite side of the circular continuum have the opposite meaning.This is Schwartz's basic structural model (Fig. 1)of human values ( Schwartz, 1992)