The transformable disc implement designed for field cultivation is proposed. It differs from its analogs in construction for the central (rigidly fixed) and rotary bars with discs, arranged together with brackets and hinges. When the rotary bars are mounted at the longitudinal bars of a frame, the implement has the functionality of a classic four-row front disc harrow, or discator. If the rotary bars of the frame, resting on additional wheels, are opened and the required disc attack angle is adjusted, the implement has a function of a two-row stubble cultivator. The investigation is focused on justification of a rational ratio of the front set disk spacing to the diameters of the disk working elements of a transformer discator, relative to minimizing its weight. It has been ascertained through estimating that in a design of such a discator, it is preferred to use the standard spherical discs of 0.56 m in diameter, mounted on the frame bars and set at approximately 0.346 m spacing. In addition, the estimated weight of the implement operating as a stubble cultivator with the operating width of eight meters is approximately 5700 kg (without a roller). It is irrational to use the discs of a larger diameter in the design of the developed implement, since the observed decrease in the required number of the working elements cannot compensate for the increase in the mass of the discs themselves, causing an increase in the mass of the implement at the rate of approximately 2.1 kg per 1 mm of increase in the disc diameter. Row spacing of the implement operating as a four-row disc harrow can approximately reach 0.087 m, which is almost 35% less, on average, than that for the serial analogs. Furthermore, it can cause proportional increases in the number of the working elements and, therefore, the discator mass with growing requirements for the frame strength characteristics. However, soil aggregate crumbling to smaller parts, improving ridged soil surface loosing, and better bottom leveling of the arable layer may be achieved.
Nesmiyan et al. (Wed,) studied this question.