Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by plaque buildup in arteries, is increasingly recognized as a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate a positive association between atherosclerosis, particularly in the carotid arteries, and the development of cognitive dysfunction, including both vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. This paper explores the mechanistic link between atherosclerosis and dementia, emphasizing the role of cerebral hypoperfusion, inflammation, and amyloid-beta accumulation. We discuss the profound implications of these findings for public health and clinical practice, highlighting the importance of early intervention and prevention strategies targeting modifiable risk factors associated with atherosclerosis. A proactive, multifaceted approach focusing on prevention, early detection, and personalized therapy holds immense promise for mitigating the growing burden of cognitive impairment.
Auda Fares (2025) studied this question.