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April 5, 2026Open Access

Target Trial Emulation Meta-Analysis of Benzodiazepines For Out-of-Hospital Status Epilepticus in Adults

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The aim is to estimate the efficacy of benzodiazepines for out-of-hospital status epilepticus while quantifying design-induced bias.
Conducted a systematic search of databases up to November 2025 following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
Utilized T3-Meta framework to account for bias covariates in the analysis.
Performed network meta-analysis to compare effectiveness among benzodiazepines.
Fourteen studies with 2,803 adults were included in the analysis.
Seizure cessation rate estimated at 68.8% with traditional methods, adjusting to 64.9% with bias consideration.
Midazolam shown to be more effective than lorazepam and diazepam with respective odds ratios of 1.60 and 2.21.

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Target trial emulation meta-analysis evaluates benzodiazepine efficacy for seizure cessation in adults, indicating significant bias adjustment.

Alromaihi et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Target trial emulation meta-analysis evaluates benzodiazepine efficacy for seizure cessation in adults, indicating significant bias adjustment.