Why is syndemic theory becoming more prominent in US healthcare policy and practice? A qualitative analysis of the timeline and future of syndemics in HIV-related healthcare

Existing research has critically examined the practicalities of applying syndemic theory to practice, but it is less evident as to why syndemic theory is becoming a significant part of healthcare policy and practice. Informed by literature critically examining how the theory of syndemics is being appropriated, we sought to explore why syndemic theory has come to the fore in healthcare policy and practice. We interviewed 20 key informants from academia, community-based organizations, and health departments. We analyzed the interviews using data-driven thematic analysis and identified subsequent themes. Informants described a growing interest in syndemic theory over recent decades but emphasized how the Covid pandemic promoted syndemic theory as a framework to address the Covid emergency. Informants foresaw considerable challenges in continuing this momentum. The study findings are supported by research showing growing interest among healthcare professionals for collaborative approaches to healthcare and research into the challenges of Covid on the US healthcare system. We argue that in the current political climate, proponents of syndemic theory may find themselves having to focus upon State level healthcare policy. Further research is needed to map out these approaches given the lack of Federal support.