Chameleon‐Inspired Thermochromic Phase Change Aerogels for Dynamic Self‐Adaptive Thermoregulation

Developing temperature‐adaptive materials without external interventions that can adapt to dynamic environmental and seasonal changes is highly desired yet remains a challenge. Herein, inspired by the reversible temperature regulation of the chameleon, a hierarchically structured thermochromic phase change aerogel featuring “thermal adaptive regulation” and “thermal inverse compensation” is directly synthesized via a one‐step electrospinning strategy. Manipulation of the rapid phase inversion of charge jet enables in‐situ construction of pearl necklace‐like crimped aerogel fiber encapsulated with thermochromic phase change microcapsule (PCM), allowing the aerogel to automatically switch between solar heating and radiative cooling. Efficient PCM encapsulation endows aerogel with high latent heat (154.7 J g −1 ), while hierarchical pores from aerogel fiber and fiber network provide low thermal conductivity (24.8 mW m −1 K −1 ), achieving stable thermoregulation towards dynamic environments. This aerogel achieves a trade‐off between solar heating, radiative cooling, latent heat, and thermal insulation, attaining self‐adaptive dynamic thermoregulation. It also combines ultralight density, robust elasticity, breathability, washability, and flame retardance. We envision that this work may open up new prospects for the scalable fabrication of temperature‐adaptive materials for dynamic settings, offering innovative solutions for sustainable energy‐saving applications.