Green Fabrication of Candle Soot–Based Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Selective Oil–Water Separation

Nowadays, the application prospects of superhydrophobic surfaces for oil-water separation have attracted increasing attention. Therefore, preparing a simple, low-cost, eco-friendly superhydrophobic surface remains challenging. The dip-coating approach successfully created the superhydrophobic sponge after candle soot nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, and polyethylene were combined in acetone as a solvent to create a mixed solution. The findings demonstrate the superhydrophobic sponge's superior oil-water separation efficiency and high water contact angle (168°). This paper suggests a straightforward approach for creating a superhydrophobic oil-water separation material. The material is readily available, the preparation process is environmentally friendly, and it is expected to be widely used in practical manufacturing. The superhydrophobic sponge exhibits excellent durability and reusability, maintaining its performance after multiple cycles of oil-water separation. Its porous structure contributes to rapid absorption and effective separation of various oils from water. This method offers a promising solution for environmental remediation and industrial wastewater treatment applications. The sponge's fabrication process is scalable and adaptable to different substrates, enhancing its versatility. Additionally, its resistance to harsh chemical environments ensures long-term functionality in diverse conditions. Future research could focus on optimizing the composite ratios to further improve separation efficiency and mechanical strength.