ABSTRACT Complex disasters are becoming common due to the uncertain and compounded effects of climate change. The study aimed at depicting the governance of a complex disaster caused by the combined effects of COVID‐19 pandemic and Super Typhoon Rai on Siquijor island, Philippines. The combination of these two hazards needs an exceptional kind of governance to manage risks and strengthen resilience. The Sendai Framework Priority 2 served as the theoretical basis of the study. Using a mixed‐methods convergent design, the study investigated quantitatively the six factors: perception, awareness, assistance, collectivism, political pressure, and resilience. The results revealed significant differences across the two hazards in terms of said factors. Regression analysis showed that awareness, collectivism, and political pressure are significant predictors of resilience being the dependent factor for the super typhoon. In contrast, none of the factors influenced resilience for the pandemic, suggesting the uncertain nature of the hazard. Qualitatively, using thematic analysis, the following themes emerged: Planning and preparation, Protocol and procedure, Prediction and projection, and Participation and provision, proposed as the 4 × 2Ps model for complex disaster governance. The study provided substantial insights on how complex disasters affecting similar small islands could be managed and governed in the future.
Garcia et al. (Sat,) studied this question.