Dual Information Cybernetics: A Meta-Theory Based on the Dual Structure of Information

This paper proposes Dual Information Cybernetics, which holds that any system consists of two fundamentally distinct types of information: Internal Information and External Information. Internal Information is the inherent determinacy of a system, dominating its overall direction and self-consistency. External Information is the observable manifestation of a system, covering all information forms from chaotic signals to highly structured physical laws. Together they form the foundation of all phenomena. This paper defines core concepts, expounds basic principles, compares the theory with related frameworks, and demonstrates the real existence of Internal Information as the foundation of a meta-theory. Taking living systems as an example, it shows how Internal Information manifests, forming a complete and self-consistent foundational theoretical framework.