This model demonstrates aggressive vesicles achieving stability through cannibalism, metal ions, and bonding in early life forms.
The emergence of the first proto-cells is often depicted as a harmonious process. However, thermodynamic reality suggests a period of intense competition for membrane-building blocks (fatty acids). This paper proposes a model of "aggressive vesicles" that overcome the dilution of internal content through a synergy of photochemical regeneration, nanoparticle-mediated division, and hydrogen-bond networks. We demonstrate that cannibalism, combined with these stabilization mechanisms, leads to the formation of "islands of stability" rather than total extinction.
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Peter Mikuláš (2026) studied this question.
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