How Consumers Consume: A Typology of Consumption Practices

This article examines what people do when they consume. In recent interpretive consumer research, three research streams have emerged, each portraying how people consume through a distinctive metaphor: consuming as experience, consuming as integration, and consuming as classification. The research reported here - a two-year observational case study of baseball spectators in Chicago's Wrigley Field bleachers - builds on this literature to systematically detail the universe of actions that constitute consuming. The resulting topology refines, extends, and synthesizes the three existing approaches to consuming and adds a fourth dimension - consuming as play - to yield a comprehensive vocabulary for describing how consumers consume. The usefulness of the topology is demonstrated by applying it to develop an alternative conception of materialism as a style of consuming.