How Isometric Are the Medial Patellofemoral, Superficial Medial Collateral, and Lateral Collateral Ligaments of the Knee?

In knees with chronic medial collateral ligament insufficiency, isometric repair of the superficial medial collateral ligament can be attempted. A medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with a double fixation on the medial patellar border is supported. The cranial bundle should be tightened at full extension and the caudal bundle at 30 degrees of knee flexion.