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Improper Solutions in Structural Equation Models

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This research investigates the causes and remedies of improper solutions in structural equation models, particularly focusing on zero or negative error variances.
Conducted Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate hypotheses regarding improper solutions.
Assessed two structural equation models with various model misspecifications.
Examined the impact of omitted paths and inequality constraints on model convergence.
Increasing omitted paths in the measurement model led to fewer improper solutions observed.
Bias in parameter estimates was significantly greater in samples with improper solutions versus proper solutions.
Inequality constraints improved convergence in some cases and tests indicated reliability of confidence intervals.

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Randomized trial examines handling improper solutions in structural equation models, suggesting effective strategies.

Chen et al. (2001) studied this question.

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