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December 10, 2018International Journal of OncologyOpen Access

From chemotherapy to biological therapy: A review of novel concepts to reduce the side effects of systemic cancer treatment (Review)

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Authors

VSVolker SchirrmacherUniversity College Dublin

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Implication

Review demonstrates reduced toxicity and durable efficacy of biological therapies in cancer, indicating their potential to replace conventional chemotherapy.

Key Points

  • To review the biological mechanisms of immunotherapy and oncolytic virus therapy, evaluating how they minimize systemic toxicity while sustaining antitumor efficacy compared to chemotherapy.
  • Synthesized existing scientific literature regarding host-damaging side effects of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy versus biological interventions.
  • Analyzed mechanistic pathways of biological therapies, focusing on adaptive immune memory, immune tolerance mechanisms, and innate viral defense responses.
  • Immunotherapies establish adaptive immune memory and leverage antigen-receptor specificities of B and T lymphocytes, maintaining immune tolerance and significantly reducing off-target tissue damage.
  • Oncolytic virus therapies trigger innate type I interferon responses, providing a physiological and well-tolerated antitumor mechanism that avoids broad systemic toxicity.

Cite This Study

Volker Schirrmacher (2018) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69d7523aef4aa71f97f30bd2https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2018.4661
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