Diagnostic validity of methods for assessment of swallowing sounds: a systematic review

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Based on limited evidence and low methodological quality because few studies were included, with a small sample size, from all index testes found for this systematic review, doppler showed excellent diagnostic accuracy for the discrimination of swallowing sounds, whereas microphone-reported good accuracy discrimination of swallowing sounds of dysphagic patients and stethoscope showed best screening test.