What question did this study set out to answer?

To elucidate the fundamental physical principles governing crystal nucleation and growth during biological mineralization.

Principles of Crystal Nucleation and Growth

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Review reveals physical principles of crystal nucleation and growth in organisms, indicating how functional biominerals form from solution phases.

To elucidate the fundamental physical principles governing crystal nucleation and growth during biological mineralization.
Physical and chemical analysis of crystal formation pathways from aqueous solution phases.
Theoretical evaluation of nucleation energetics and growth mechanisms in biological systems.
Biological mineral products form via regulated transitions from initial solution phases into crystalline or partially crystalline functional architectures.
Thermodynamic and kinetic principles of nucleation dictate how organisms exert precise control over mineral morphology and functional properties.

James J. De Yoreo (2003) studied this question.

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Review reveals physical principles of crystal nucleation and growth in organisms, indicating how functional biominerals form from solution phases.