Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices─Batteries, Supercapacitors, and Battery–Supercapacitor Hybrid Devices

Great energy consumption by the rapidly growing population has demanded the development of electrochemical energy storage devices with high power density, high energy density, and long cycle stability. Batteries (in particular, lithium-ion batteries), supercapacitors, and battery–supercapacitor hybrid devices are promising electrochemical energy storage devices. This review highlights recent progress in the development of lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and battery–supercapacitor hybrid devices. Afterward, various materials applicable to create the above electrochemical energy storage devices are highlighted. Finally, we present our perspectives on the development directions of lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and battery–supercapacitor hybrid devices. We hope that this review guides researchers in the further design of materials for developing lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and battery–supercapacitor hybrid devices with high performance.