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Unless there are warning features such as failure to thrive, haematemesis, abnormal posturing, choking/gagging or coughing while feeding, regurgitation in infancy need not be investigated. In older children and adolescents with typical reflux symptoms, empirical PPI therapy is justified. For extra-oesophageal manifestations, a pH/impedance study and endoscopy to detect oesophagitis are the investigations of choice. PPI is the mainstay of therapy in GERD, but not in GER.
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Ujjal Poddar (2018) studied this question.
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