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A two-dimensional condensed-matter lattice model is presented which exhibits a nonzero quantization of the Hall conductance σˣʸ in the absence of an external magnetic field. Massless fermions without spectral doubling occur at critical values of the model parameters, and exhibit the so-called "parity anomaly" of (2+1)-dimensional field theories.
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F. D. M. Haldane (1988) studied this question.
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