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Evaluation of crash response reveals spinal injury risks in reclined occupants, indicating the need for tailored models.
THUMS models incorporating subject-specific spinal postures provide improved prediction of Z-direction kinematics compared to generic models and enable preliminary evaluation of spinal injury risk. Additionally, correlations established between thoracolumbar spine kinematic and kinetic responses offer new insights into lumbar injury mechanisms for reclined occupants.
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Shen et al. (2026) studied this question.
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