Human Filariasis in Africa (2000–2025): Changing epidemiology, uneven diagnostic progress, and persistent neglect

Long-term MDA programs are associated with reduced prevalence of lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. Loiasis shows a increasing and unstable trend, influenced by diagnostic method and lack of targeted interventions. Mansonellosis remains neglected, underdiagnosed, and largely unmonitored. Strengthening local diagnostic capacity and integrating filariasis screening into existing platforms (e.g., malaria programs) may prevent silent transmission and resurgence in areas declared free of infection.