A Cross-Sectional Study to assess neonatal Resuscitation Practices among Trained and Untrained Health Care Workers in Indore District, Madhya Pradesh

Background: Neonatal mortality contributes substantially to under-five mortality in India. Despite implementation of skill-based training programs such as Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (NSSK), addressable gaps persist in neonatal resuscitation practices at delivery points. Evaluation of healthcare workers’ practices is crucial for improving neonatal outcomes. Aims & Objectives: To assess neonatal resuscitation and essential new-born care practices among trained and untrained HCWs various levels of healthcare delivery. Methodology: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 HCWs (trained n=80; untrained n=70). Practices were assessed using a structured manikin-based neonatal resuscitation practice checklist. Group differences were analysed using χ² test; p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Trained HCWs demonstrated significantly better performance for several preparation and ventilation steps. For example, trained HCWs more often identified a helper and explained roles (51.2% vs 34.3%, p=0.036), prepared equipment and supplies (73.7% vs 48.6%, p=0.002), checked bag and mask function (66.2% vs 50.0%, p=0.044), and performed ventilation correction steps such as increasing pressure to move the chest (65.0% vs 47.1%, p=0.031). Conclusion: Important gaps in neonatal resuscitation practice were observed in both groups, with consistently better performance among trained HCWs. Periodic skill-based training, mentoring, and facility readiness measures are required to strengthen delivery-room resuscitation.