Mining urban land-use patterns from volunteered geographic information by means of genetic algorithms and artificial neural networks

In the context of OpenStreetMap (OSM), spatial data quality, in particular completeness, is an essential aspect of its fitness for use in specific applications, such as planning tasks. To mitigate the effect of completeness errors in OSM, this study proposes a methodological framework for predicting by means of OSM urban areas in Europe that are currently not mapped or only partially mapped. For this purpose, a machine learning approach consisting of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms is applied. Under the premise of existing OSM data, the model estimates missing urban areas with an overall squared correlation coefficient (R 2) of 0.589. Interregional comparisons of European regions confirm spatial heterogeneity in the model performance, whereas the R 2 ranges from 0.129 up to 0.789. These results show that the delineation of urban areas by means of the presented methodology depends strongly on location. Keywords: volunteered geographic informationOpenStreetMap UKspatial data qualitymachine learning Acknowledgements Marco Helbich was funded by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. We acknowledge the valuable feedback received from our colleagues Bernhard Höfle, Marcus Götz and Alexander Zipf on an early draft of this article. In addition, we thank Hannes Taubenböck (German Aerospace Center) for his useful hints for appropriate remote sensing data. Finally, we acknowledge the valuable comments of the three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor. Notes 1. For instance, incomplete or wrongly mapped representations of road networks and the surrounding environment may induce inaccurate route proposals of a navigation application (e.g. Neis and Zipf Citation2008). This in turn negatively affects the users' activity space and time schedule. In particular, this is true for larger urban areas, affected by traffic jams, speed limits and one-way streets, where it is often advisable to take an alternative bypass route. 2. http://osmatrix.uni-hd.de 3. http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/urban-atlas 4. http://www.geofabrik.de/