Stress hyperglycemia ratio and long‐term prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A multicenter, nationwide study

FIGURE 1. Study flow chart. ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CAD, coronary artery disease; HbA1C, glycosylated hemoglobin; SHR, stress hyperglycemia ratio.

FIGURE 2. Cumulative incidences of 2‐year MACE (A), all‐cause death (B), myocardial infarction (C), and unplanned revascularization (D) according to SHR tertiles. MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; SHR, stress hyperglycemia ratio.

FIGURE 3. Adjusted risk of MACE and all‐cause death across SHR tertiles in patients with diabetes and without diabetes. CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; SHR, stress hyperglycemia ratio.

FIGURE 4. SHR on a continuous scale and adjusted risk of MACE and all‐cause death in patients with and without diabetes. Hazard ratio is depicted by black solid line and 95% confidence intervals are depicted by red dotted lines. Distribution of SHR (blue blocks) is presented as histogram. Reference value was defined as 0.84 (the first tertile). Multivariable adjustment was for age, sex, clinical presentation, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking history, receiving PCI, prior myocardial infarction, prior stroke, prior PCI, prior coronary artery bypass surgery, peripheral artery disease, chronic pulmonary disease, left ventricular ejection fraction, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hemoglobin, and SYNTAX score. CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SHR, stress hyperglycemia ratio.

FIGURE 5. Subgroup analysis of primary endpoint according to the cutoff SHR values in patients with diabetes and without diabetes. BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HR, hazard ratio; NSTEMI, non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST‐elevation myocardial infarction; UA, unstable angina. *p indicated p value for interaction.