Laboratory experiment establishes direct upper bounds on axion coupling constants within the axion window using a spin-based amplifier, highlighting new avenues for dark matter searches.
Searches for the axion and axionlike particles may hold the key to unlocking some of the deepest puzzles about our Universe, such as dark matter and dark energy. Here, we use the recently demonstrated spin-based amplifier to constrain such hypothetical particles within the well-motivated "axion window" (10 μeV-1 meV) through searching for an exotic dipole-dipole interaction between polarized electron and neutron spins. The key ingredient is the use of hyperpolarized long-lived ¹²⁹Xe nuclear spins as an amplifier for the pseudomagnetic field generated by the exotic interaction. Using such a spin sensor, we obtain a direct upper bound on the product of coupling constants gₚᵉgₚⁿ. The spin-based amplifier technique can be extended to searches for a wide variety of hypothetical particles beyond the standard model.
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Wang et al. (2022) studied this question.
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