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A straightforward synthesis of azobenzenes with bathochromically-shifted absorption bands is presented. It employs an ortho-lithiation of aromatic substrates, followed by a coupling reaction with aryldiazonium salts. The products are obtained with good to excellent yields after simple purification. Moreover, with the presented methodology, a structurally diverse panel of different azobenzenes, including unsymmetric tetra-ortho-substituted ones, can be readily obtained, which paves the way for future development of red-light-addressable azobenzene derivatives for in vivo application.
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Hansen et al. (2016) studied this question.
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