Why the study?
Although DNA damage is accepted as cisplatin's major mechanism of action, its effectiveness in metastatic cancers suggests it affects slow-cycling cancer stem cells through alternative mechanisms.
Cisplatin's anti-cancer efficacy may be driven by alternative mechanisms beyond DNA damage, including metabolic and microenvironmental effects.
May guide cisplatin analog development via metabolic targets; leaves open prospective trials before clinical adoption.
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent that is clinically approved to fight both carcinomas and sarcomas. It has relatively high efficiency in treating ovarian cancers and metastatic testicular cancers. It is generally accepted that the major mechanism of cisplatin anti-cancer action is DNA damage. However, cisplatin is also effective in metastatic cancers and should, therefore, affect slow-cycling cancer stem cells in some way. In this review, we focused on the alternative effects of cisplatin that can support a good therapeutic response. First, attention was paid to the effects of cisplatin at the cellular level such as changes in intracellular pH and cellular mechanical properties. Alternative cellular targets of cisplatin, and the effects of cisplatin on cancer cell metabolism and ER stress were also discussed. Furthermore, the impacts of cisplatin on the tumor microenvironment and in the whole organism context were reviewed. In this review, we try to reveal possible causes of the unexpected effectiveness of this anti-cancer drug.
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Raudenská et al. (2019) studied this question.
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