Systematic review and meta-analysis finds inconsistent links between e-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms in adults, highlighting the need for robust designs evaluating causal risks.
Continued monitoring of respiratory symptoms among e-cigarette users is warranted. Due to the heterogeneity and inconsistencies among studies, which limit result interpretation and highlight the need for studies assessing causal inference, further research using robust study designs is essential. This will provide clinicians with comprehensive knowledge about the potential respiratory risks of e-cigarette use.
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Alqahtani et al. (2023) studied this question.
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